Cooling agent dosage determines whether a product feels refreshingly cool or uncomfortably numbing. This guide provides starting dosages and adjustment methodology across major applications.
Key Highlights
- E-liquid: 0.5-3% (WS-23), adjust in 0.25-0.5% steps
- Beverage: 0.1-0.5%; Candy: 0.3-1%; Nicotine pouches: 0.3-1%
- Always scale from sample bench to pilot batch before production
- Overdosing manifests as throat numbing, not stronger refreshment
Dosage Reference Table
| Application | WS-23 Typical Range |
| E-liquid / vape | 0.5-3% |
| Beverages (RTD) | 0.1-0.5% |
| Hard candy / gummies | 0.3-1% |
| Nicotine pouches | 0.3-1% |
| Oral care | 0.2-0.8% |
| Shisha tobacco | 0.5-2% |
These ranges assume WS-23 powder. Liquid solutions (typically 10-30%) adjust proportionally by active content.
Adjustment Methodology
Start at the middle of the range, evaluate at actual use temperature (cooling perception strengthens when warm), and adjust in small steps. Document each iteration against a sensory reference panel to avoid formulation drift.
Frequently Asked Questions
What happens if I overdose cooling agent?
Beyond optimal dosage, cooling becomes numbing rather than refreshing – a common defect in over-cooled e-liquids. Reduce in 0.25% steps.
Does temperature affect perceived cooling?
Yes – cooling perception strengthens at warmer serving temperatures. Evaluate at actual consumption conditions.
Next step: Get dosed samples from the WS series.